解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The purpose of this paper is to present results from methodologies used in our laboratory that are targeted toward identifying specific brain injury thresholds. Results from studying one form of brain injury, diffuse axonal injury, are presented in this report. Physical models, or surrogates, of the skull-brain comple...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.689
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between endothelin-1 (ET-1), a prominent vasoactive agent, and the breakdown of the blood-spinal cord barrier along the axis of the cord after a moderate spinal cord injury. In the first study rats (n = 10) were euthanized 24 h after spinal cord injury and co...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.257
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral assessment after spinal cord contusion has long focused on open field locomotion using modifications of a rating scale developed by Tarlov and Klinger (1954). However, on-going modifications by several groups have made interlaboratory comparison of locomotor outcome measures difficult. The purpose of the pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.1
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective case-control study was undertaken to determine the best technique to measure neural canal encroachment at each lumbar level following burst fracture and its relationship to the presence of neurologic deficit. Only patients with postinjury CT scans demonstrating a disrupted posterior body with a retropu...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.711
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with head injury must overcome central as well as peripheral metabolic insults. In addition to specific tissue damage to the brain, a cellular biochemical cascade occurs that can negatively affect organ function, cause a systemic response to injury, and may cause secondary tissue injury. The metabolites invol...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.447
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Direct lateral cortical impact through the intact leptomeninges using a pneumatically driven piston produces increasingly severe pathophysiologic derangements with increasing cortical deformation. We studied the histopathologic correlates of cortical impact injury produced by 2 mm, 2.5 mm, and 3 mm deformation in the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.587
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present data correlating the time courses of hydroxyl radical (.OH) production, lipid peroxidation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage following unilateral head injury in the rat. Using a controlled cortical impact device to inflict head injury, we have directly measured brain .OH levels via the salicylate trappi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.393
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of Ca2+ in cellular injury has received particular attention in studies of acute spinal cord trauma. In this context, the spatial and temporal distribution of extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]e) may have an important bearing on the development of secondary tissue injury. We therefore studied the spatial-temporal dis...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.255
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of ethanol intoxication on brain injury and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were investigated in a porcine fluid-percussion model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Immature swine, under halothane anesthesia (1%), had a TBI delivered with a fluid-percussion device. The experimental group (n = 10) received ethanol ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1993.10.275
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic ischemia appears to be largely responsible for the extension of lesions in acute injury of the spinal cord. In the present study, we have evaluated the putative improvement of axonal function by the calcium channel blocker nimodipine after acute trauma of the spinal cord. Three techniques were used: (1) ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1993.10.201
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of flunarizine and methylprednisolone on the recovery of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) was evaluated in an experimental model of spinal cord impact injury in anesthetized cats. In addition, the effect of flunarizine on posttraumatic spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) (using the hydrogen clearance techni...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1993.10.25
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured astrocytes, exposed to glutamate at a dose that is generally neurotoxic in vitro (1 mM), exhibit transient swelling in the absence of cell death. In the present study, we further characterize this response by examining the distribution of intermediate filaments and evaluating cellular ultrastructure in primar...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1992.9.255
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraspinal injections of lysolecithin were used to produce unilateral demyelination in the dorsal columns of the rat spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of demyelination on the conductive properties of axons belonging to a spinal pathway of known origin and site of termination. At 5 and...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1992.9.231
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gangliosides play important roles in the physiologic operations of the nervous system, in particular that of the brain. Changes in ganglioside composition occur in the mammalian brain not only during development, but also in aging and in several neuropathologic situations. Gangliosides may modulate the ability of the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic insults to the brain in stroke or traumatic brain injury produce excessive release of glutamate from depolarized nerve terminals. This excessive glutamate release in turn stimulates massive calcium entry into nerve cells, activating a biochemical cascade that results in cell death. A major pathway of calcium ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of oxygen radicals and the process of lipid peroxidation have become a focus of attention for investigators in the fields of central nervous system (CNS) injury and stroke (e.g., ischemia). While absolute proof for their involvement in the pathophysiology of traumatic and ischemic damage to the CNS rema...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Remarkable advances have been made in pharmacologic treatments of acute and chronic spinal cord injury. The recent National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (NASCIS) showed that very high dose methylprednisolone given within 8 hr after injury improves neurologic recovery. The mechanism is believed to be inhibition of li...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::How effectively the survivor of CNS trauma can function in society is the ultimate clinical outcome. Many victims of spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently left with permanent impairment. Measurements of impairment, and the direct relationship to the functional loss and resultant disa...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1990, the Second National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study reported that high-dosage methylprednisolone improves neurologic recovery in spinal-injured humans. The study showed that patients who received the drug within 8 hr after injury improved, whereas those who received the drug later did not. The drug significant...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid percussion brain injury is associated with an immediate rise in mean arterial pressure (MAP). However, the cerebral morphologic basis for this response is still not clear. Thirty-four anesthetized rats were injured using a lateral craniotomy preparation. In 19 rats, impact level was set at 1.73 +/- 0.04 atm, and...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1991.8.219
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contusion injuries of cat spinal cords rapidly block action potential conduction across the impact site. Ion-selective microelectrode measurements revealed large and immediate extracellular ionic derangements, sufficient to block conduction. As extracellular potassium recovers, evoked potentials often return but are l...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The excessive generation of free radicals is thought to be one of the major mechanisms leading to tissue injury in various pathological conditions, including ischemia, inflammation, and trauma. Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) contributes to the formation of superoxide, an oxygen rad...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1991.8.11
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative safety and efficacy of direct versus indirect methods of spinal cord stimulation for the production of descending motor-evoked responses was studied in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats (n = 39). Electrical stimuli were delivered for 1 h, either directly to the cord dorsum using silver ball electrodes or in...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1991.8.27
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological characteristics of spinal cord responses recorded from the spinal epidural space of the cat to transcranial brain stimulation were studied, in comparison with the spinal cord responses to direct stimulation of the motor cortex or cerebellum. The conduction velocity of the initial wave of the response...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1990.7.247
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microdialysis sampling was used to characterize the release of norepinephrine and serotonin upon impact injury to the rat spinal cord. Increases in extracellular norepinephrine concentrations in response to injury were small and of short duration. In contrast, serotonin concentrations quickly rose 35-90 times followin...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1990.7.219
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective effect of chlorpromazine on rat spinal cord injury was investigated using a dynamic impact model. A 10 g weight was dropped 5 cm on an impounder placed on the exposed spinal cord at the T-11 level. Changes in potassium concentration on the epidural surface of the injured spinal cord were measured using ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1989.6.153
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fluid-percussion technique produces experimental brain injury by rapid injection of a fluid volume into the closed cranial cavity. The experiments reported here characterize a new, more controlled technique for fluid-percussion brain injury in the rat and systematically examine systemic physiologic, histopathologi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1988.5.91
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) was used to study noninvasively the intracellular free Mg2+ concentration and cellular bioenergetic state of rat brain in vivo before and after fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury of graded severity. Brain injury was induced at four levels: low (1.0 +...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1988.5.315
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00